Improvement in cooling-appakatus



2 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

.0; F. PIKE. Air Cooling Apparatus. No. 99,107;

Patented Jan. 25, 1870',

WITNESSES.

N. PETERS Pholo-um n mn Wa'llingon. ac

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(h F. PIKE. Air Cooling Apparatus.

Patented Jan. 25, 1870.

F I Cw 2 VERTICAL SECTION THROUQH Fl FES, s.

W l T N E S S E 5 INVENTOQL N PEYERS. Plmlo-Lill vgraphen Wnhmgloln D. ::Y

' dinltmi s-1am I we dflilirr.

Letters Patent No. 99,107, dated J anua'ry 25, 1870.

rmaovemawr m COOLING-APPARATUS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all 'whomit may concern.- Be it known that I, CHARLES E. PIKE, of the city and county of Providence, in theState of Rhode Island, have invented a new and improved Cooling- Appara'tus or Machine, for the purpose of cooling rooms wherein perishable articles or other substances may be placed, to be cooled or preserved; also, the freezing of fish and other articles. I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact descriptionthereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon. v f

The nature of my invention consists in placing the apparatus or machine within a room or chamber, filling the apparatus with ice, or ice and salt, or other well-known refrigerating-materials, thus obtaining the benefit of the cooling-properties of the ice and the freezing-mixture by conductionand the rotation of the. air, for the, purpose of refrigeration and congelation.

These rooms or chambers wherein the'apparat-us is placed, maybe of any dimension; only have the proportion right. Two cubic feet of space will require one foot of surface, to freeze quick.

To enable-others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed'to describe its construction and operation.

Figure 1, sheet 1, is a perspective view of the apparatus or machine,- with a piece broken out at the bottom and top, to show the tube or tubes, pipe or pipes B within the ice-box A.

In the accompanying drawing is the box, extending from the top to the bottom, with openings in it, or not, as may be desired by the constructor.

This'ice-box A may be of cast-iron, galvanized iron, or copper, as well as the rest of the apparatus or machine, or any other metal.

B is the hollow pipe or pipes, tube or tubes, open at each end, and is three times as large at the bottom end as it is at the top end. It may be three times as large at the top'end as it is at the bottom, or it may be as large at one. end as at the other. It may be flat, or it may be-placed within the ice-box A, as shown in the patent granted to me, January 1, A. D. 1867, No. 60,934, and December 10, A. D. 1867, No. 71,910. The form or position is immaterial.

O are the caps or plugs that are put into the pipes or tubes B, when the apparatus is being charged up, to prevent the ice or freezing-mixture from getting into the tubes or pipes B. If it is desired to work the apparatus by conduction, in that case the caps or plugs should remain on or in the tubes or pipes B all the time.

D is the lid or cover, with holes in it, to allow the tubes or pipes B to pass through it. The openings should be made to fit the tubes or pipes B snug. The lid D should fit into the box A close, so as to allow no air to pass the edges of the lid D, or around the outside of the pipes or tubes B. This lid D should be so low in the box A, that the topside of it will be even with the lower-edge of the openingF.

E are the holes in the ice-box A, for the purpose of fastening the top edge of the apparatus or machine to the room or chamber where it is located.

F are the openings in the sides of the ice-box A, to let the air into the pipes or tubes B, for the purpose of rotating the air withinthe room or chamber that contains the apparatus, or to let the air'iuto the ice-box A, and around the tubes orrpipes B, and pass through the ice G, for the dbuble purpose of rotating the air through the ice or freezing-mixture G and the pipes or tubes 13, when the lid D is removed, and the caps or plugs G are not in the pipes or tubes B.

-G is the ice or freezing-mixture within the ice-box A, and around the outside of the tubes or pipes 13.

H is the box around the opening F, to prevent 'the ice or freezing-mixture Grfrom coming out into the chamber where the apparatus is located.

I is the cover to this boxH, to shut it up tight,

in the apparatus is situated, from the ice or freczing-' mixture G.

K is the box around the opening, J, for the purpose described at H.

L is the cover to shut. box K, and prevent the air from coming out of this opening from the ice-box A, containing the ice or freezing-mixture G.

M are the holes in the bottom of the ice-box A, to let the air and water into .the pan 0 from the ice or freezing-mixture G; the air to flow into the chamber, and the water to pass off at the pipe P.

N are pieces fastened to the bottom of the ice-box A, or to the pan 0, for the purpose of a space between the bottom of the ice-box A and the pan 0, to allow the air to flow out of the pipes or tubes B into the chamber wherein the apparatus is located.

, O is the pan that the ice-box sets into. It should be as much larger than the ice-box A as to catch any drip from the outside of the ice-box A. The object of this pan'O is to keep a dry chamber. This pan 0 should be let into the floor of the chamber, so that the top edge will come level with the floor of the chamber. This pan 0 has one or more openings out of it, on the bottom, with a pipcor pipes passing down through thefloor or bottom of the chamber, with a'trap or cup on the end of the pipe, to fill with water, to pre vent the air from passing out of the chamber, or into it from the outside.

' P is the pipe attached to the under side of the'pan O, to pass out at the bottom of the chamber, or to be led off, at the will or pleasure of the constructor, with the trap on it or connected to it.

It is the trap on'the pipe P, to hold water, to pre-' vent air from passing out of the chamber, or outside air passing into the chamber.

Figure .2, sheet 2, is a vertical section through pipes or tubes B, showing the covers or lid L and I open on one side and shut on the other. It also shows how the'lid D shuts into the ice-box A.

The same letters in this figure represent the same parts as in fig. 1, plate 1, and the description of the letters or parts in this figure will be found in fig. 1, plate 1.

Figure 3, sheet 2, is a ground view of the apparatus, with the ice-box A in a cylindrical form, showing the tubes or pipes B, and ice or freezing-mixture G.

Figure 4, plate or sheet 2, is a ground view ofthe ice-box A, showing a fiat tube, B, lying horizontal.-

G is the ice orfreezing-mixture in the ice-box A.

Having described the apparatus or machine asit is constructed, I will now describe the mode of putting it to use, or charge it with ice or with a freezing-mixture.

The ice is ground as fine as possible, and put into the ice-box A, and crowded down, with-a stick, around the pipes or tubes B and the ice-box A, to get it as solid as possible, being careful to have the plugs or caps O on the top of the pipes or tubes B, toprevent the ice or freezing-mixture from going into the pipes ortubes B.

The filling of the apparatus or machine with ice alone, will produce atemperature of about thirty-four or thirty-five degrees.

'If you should desire to freeze with the same apparatus, you will mingle coarse, heavy salt with the ice, or air-slaked lime, in the proportion of twenty pounds of salt or lime to eighty pounds of ice, and you will produce a very low. temperature, within five or ten degrees of zero.

The apparatus can be worked by conduction, either with ice alone, or with the freezing-mixture. To do that, put the. caps or plugs 0 into or on the top of the pipes or tubes B, and shut the lids or covers I and L, thelid I) in its place, and the air will not rotate in the chamber. If it is desired to rotate the air within the chamber only, through the tubes or pipes B, remove the caps or plugs 0, open the lid I, and have the lid D firmly in its place, and the rotation of the air in the chamber will go, by the air in the top passing through the opening F into the pipes or tubes B, down them, out at the bottom into the chamber, and will continue so to flow as long as any ice is in the icebox A. If the bottom cover or lid L is opened, and the lid 1) removed from its place, the lid I is open; the air will then pass out of the opening J, into the chamber, and, as it comes in contact with warm air in the chamber, it will rise, pass through opening F, and will condense the moisture in iton the ice G, and on the inside of the tubes or pipes B, and will flow down through the tubes or pipes B and ice or freezing-mixture G, out of the openings J, and the bottom of the pipes or tubes B, into the chamber, and \villso continue so long as the ice or fi'cezing-mixt-nre is in the ice-box A; and my experience and judgment are that the last mode or operation is the best, to have the airin the chamber in contact with the ice or fr-eezing-mixture in the ice-box A. Youget the greatest degree of cold by the rotation of the air, and if you put butter, milk, and onions, into the same chamber, with a proper ventilation, the butter and milk will not 1 taste of the onions, because the air is in motion. The

saw

rest in, or poison the air. Then the airis a cold, dryair,

instead of a cold, damp air. There will be no mould or .tending through the wall, with a crank on it to turn it by hand, and so keep the air in motion.

The openings F F andJ J, in theice-box A, may be removed. Boxes H K may also be removed, with their appendages,-and theapparatus will operate by conduction; in other words, no air will come in contact with the freezing-mixture in the ice-box A.

My invention is applicable to a domestic refrigerator, markets, packing-houses, cars, vessels, coolingrooms, for the pressing of lard. and other oil, storehouse for cooling ale ormalt liquors, a dead house, and for the preservation of all kinds of meats, poultry, and game, the freezing of fish, and preserving them after they are so frozen, and commercial purposes generally.

When my invention is applied'to, or used for a domestio or market-refiigerator, or for the purposes of freezing on keeping fish, poultry, game, or other provisions, it should be enclosed in, ormade with sides or walls, in the usual modes, using sawdust, tan,'ch'arcoal, hair, or any well-known conductor, with the provision-room, or chamber, or refrigerating-room, fitted with shelves and hooks, as-may be desired;

.The nearer the door for access to the provisionchamber or refrigerating-room is to the top, the better, as in this wise, there will be less loss of cold air, when opened, than if placed lower down. I

Having given a full and. minute description of the apparatus, or machine, and the mode of using and working, and its construction, I wish to be understood that I do not confine myself to the specific forms of the ice-box A, tubes or pipes B, either internally or externally, the form or shape'ot' the ice-box A, and tubes or pipcsjB. p

In sheet 2, figs.'3 and 4, I have presented some modifications of the apparatus. It may be changed in many ways, and still be the same apparatus or machine, substantially. As, for instance, the ice-box A may be a narrow box, or it may be a long box one way, and wide the other, or it may be a square box, with tubes or pipes inserted in the side, passing through the boxhorizontally, and open at each end, and one pipe or tube may be placed over the other, and leaving a space between the pipes or tubes, of one and a half inch, or more, inserting a large tube at the bottom; and if you were to put six tubes or pipes, one above the other, the bottom tube or pipemay be nineinches, and then a space for the ice then a tube of eight inches, and then a space for the ice then a tube of seven inches, and then aspace for the ice; then a tube of siic inches, then a tube of five inches, then a tube of four inches, and so on, leaving a space for the ice between each tube or pipe. By putting them in this \vise, you will have the smallest quantity of ice at the bottom. You can put in as many rows of tubes or pipes as the ice-box A will hold, leaving sutficient room around and between the tubes and pipes for the ice, or freezingsmixtnre. The top tubes or pipes may be covered with ice, or witha freezing-mixture, of six inches, more or less. As it is the coldest in the hottom'of the ice-box A, I have constructed the tubes or pipes B the largest at the bottom, so as to have less room or space for the ice G in the bottom, and more in the top, by making the tubes or pipes B the smallest at the top. The ice, as it settles or wastes away, will keep in contact with the tubes or pipesB, and ice-box A, better.

This apparatus or machine may be so constructed to use a liquid of ammonia, to cool or freeze with, in the ice-box, by removing all the openings on the sides and the bottom of the ice-box A, and attaching a pipe to the ice-box A, with a stop-cock to draw oh the liquid freezing-mixture.

A common square ice-box, made of copper or iron, is nothing new. Tubes or pipes, made of copper or iron, and inserted in the ice-box, are not new. Filling the tubes or pipes with ice, or salt, or any other wellknown freezing-mixture, is nothing new.

Thomas. Good, of Philadelphia, has a patent for a corpse-preserver, with a close chamber, or ice-box, in

'which he used ice and salt; '1. E. King, of New York, has'a patent, dated June 20, 1845, No. 4,086, in which he describes tubes or pipes; Benjamin and Grafton, (English patent,) used. tubes or pipes, with ice and salt, as early as A. D. 1842.

An ice-box containing tubes or pipes open at each end, or at one end, with ice or a freezing-mixture in the ice-box A, around the outside of the tubes or pipes B, instead of inside of the tubes or pipes, I believe to be broadly new, for the purposes of refrigerating and preserving, as described and set forth.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, as my invention, is

l. The construction of the apparatus, or machine, substantially as herein described and set forth, and for the purposes set forth anddesoribed.

2. The ice-box A, tubes or pipes B, substantially as described and set forth, and for the purposes set forth and described.

3. The ice-box A, tube or pipe B, opening 0 or G, and lids D, H, and E, as described and set forth, and for the purposes set forth and described.

CHARLES F. PIKE Witnesses:

L. W. PALMER, GEORGE A. PAULL. 

